| 苏北侵蚀性海岸防护措施与效果评估研究——以射阳海岸带为例 |
| Investigation on the Protection and Evaluation for Erosive Coasts in Northem Jiangsur: A Case Study of the Sheyang Coastal Zone |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-2029.2026.03.007 |
| 中文关键词: 射阳 侵蚀 海岸防护 离岸潜堤 海床冲淤 |
| 英文关键词:Sheyang erosion coastal protection offshore submerged breakwater seabed erosion and siltation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（52271271）；自然资源部渤海生态预警与保护修复重点实验室开放基金资助项目（2024202）；江苏省自然资源科技项目（JSZRKJ202402） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 我国海岸侵蚀问题较为普遍，射阳海岸带生态安全正面临持续威胁。本文基于2014年与2021年两期实地勘测资料分析得出，研究区岸线平均后退速率约为30m/a;0m等深线后退距离北区300~750m，南区约500m，5m等深线后退距离为400~800m，10m等深线冲淤交替。其中，岸线后退反映岸线位置变化特征，而等深线迁移主要反映近岸剖面整体调整及沉积物再分布过程。针对射阳海岸防护与生态修复需求，本文提出并实施离岸潜堤工程方案。水动力对比分析结果表明:潜堤后掩护区流速总体低于邻近近岸区域，形成弱流态。依据海堤设计规范，潜堤按极端高水位与50年一遇波浪组合条件进行设计，透射系数为0.73。工程实施后堤内向岸水动力作用明显减弱，近岸冲刷强度降低，研究区南、北段向岸平均侵蚀深度分别降至0.03m、0.02m。研究成果可为其他侵蚀性海岸防护工程及相关生态修复措施的实施提供实践参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In China, coastal erosion is widespread, and the ecological security of the Sheyang coastal zone is increasingly threatened. Based on site surveys conducted in 2014 and 2021, the average shoreline retreat rate is approximately 30 m/a. The retreat distance of the 0 m isobath ranges from 300 to 750 m in the northern sector, and approximately 500 m in the southern sector. The retreat distance of the 5 m isobath ranges from 400 to 800 m, while the 10 m isobath exhibits alternating erosion and deposition. Shoreline retreat reflects the positional variation characteristics of the shoreline, whereas isobath migration mainly represents the overall adjustment of the nearshore profile and the process of sediment redistribution. This paper proposes and implements an offshore submerged breakwater scheme for coastal protection and ecological restoration in Sheyang. The comparative hydrodynamic assessment indicates that velocities within the sheltered area are generally lower than those in the adjacent nearshore region, forming a weak-flow pattern. Following the seawall design code, the breakwater was designed to meet the combined design extreme water level and a 50-year return-period wave condition, with a target transmission coefficient of 0.73. The hydrodynamic forcing landward of the breakwater is reduced, which is accompanied by weaker nearshore scour intensity and a decrease in mean landward erosion depth to 0.03 m and 0.02 m in the southern and northern sections, respectively. The research findings can provide practical references for the implementation of coastal protection projects on other erosional coasts as well as for related ecological restoration measures. |
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