| 海水二氧化碳分压传感器室内标定方法建立与关键影响因素探究 |
| Establishment of Indoor Calibration Method of Seawater pCO2 Sensors and Investigation onKey Influencing Factors |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-2029.2026.03.005 |
| 中文关键词: 海水二氧化碳分压传感器 标定方法 误差 非色散红外光谱法 |
| 英文关键词:seawater pCO2 sensors calibration method error non-dispersive infrared spectroscopy |
| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目（2023YFF0611801） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目前全球气候变化所引发的后果日益凸显，二氧化碳(CO)等温室气体在其中扮演着重要角色，且海水酸化现象导致海洋生态系统产生不可逆的变化，因此全球海洋研究机构均开始重视海水中二氧化碳气体变化及海气通量等要素的监测。目前常用手段主要包括走航观测及原位现场连续监测，其中原位传感器由于可实现实时连续监测而得到广泛应用。本文针对海水二氧化碳分压原位传感器研究建立了一套室内标定方法。利用自行搭建的标定设备，首次针对水体温场性能、非色散红外 (Non-Dispersive Infrared Spectroscopy，NDIR)检测器漂移、水中二氧化碳浓度稳定性/均匀性及浓度调节等因素在标定过程中产生的影响开展了系统研究。结果表明:本试验过程水温控制精度优于0.002°C时对标定结果无影响，但若大于0.02°C时由于温度变化所引起的本底xCO2波动或不均匀度可能超过1umol/mol;同时，保持环境温度恒定有利于抑制NDIR检测器漂移影响;采用合适的二氧化碳含量调节手段(向试验水体内加入一定量酸/碱试剂)可温和构建不同梯度浓度的标定条件。以3台二氧化碳分压传感器作为标定对象验证该方法，结果显示经标定后误差降低一个数量级。本文所建立的方法可广泛应用于此类仪器的室内标定，修正因仪器自身性能下降等原因导致的测量误差，为海水二氧化碳分压传感器的计量检定/校准、性能评估和数据质量控制提供了可靠的室内解决方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The consequences of global climate change are becoming increasingly evident, with greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide) playing a significant role. On the other hand, ocean acidification has led to irreversible changes in marine ecosystems. Global marine research institutions have begun to focus on monitoring factors such as changes in seawater carbon dioxide and air-sea flux. Commonly used methods mainly include ship-based observations and in-situ continuous monitoring, with in-situ sensors being widely used due to their ability to enable real-time continuous monitoring. This study establishes an indoor calibration method for in-situ seawater pCO2 sensors. Using self-built calibration equipment, a systematic study was conducted for the first time on the effects of water temperature field performance, non-dispersive infrared detector drift, stability/uniformity of carbon dioxide concentration in water, and concentration regulation during the calibration process. The results show that the water temperature control accuracy in this experiment is better than 0.002°C, with no impact on calibration results. However, if the temperature variation exceeds 0.02°C, the background xCO2 fluctuation or non-uniformity caused by temperature changes may exceed 1 μmol/mol. Maintaining constant environmental temperature helps suppress the influence of NDIR detector drift. Additionally, appropriate carbon dioxide concentration adjustment methods (adding certain amounts of acid/alkali reagents to the test water) can gently establish calibration conditions with different gradient contents. Using three carbon dioxide partial pressure sensors as calibration objects, the method was validated, and the results showed that the error was reduced by one order of magnitude after calibration. The method established in this paper can be widely used in the indoor calibration of such instruments, and can correct the measurement errors caused by the instrument own performance decline, etc. It provides a reliable indoor solution for the metrological verification/calibration, performance evaluation and data quality control of seawater carbon dioxide partial pressure sensor. |
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