| 温州南部近岸海域营养盐分布及富营养化分析 |
| Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Nutrients and Eutrophication Assessment in Coastal Waters of Southern Wenzhou |
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| DOI：doi：10.3969/j.issn.1003-2029.2026.02.007 |
| 中文关键词: 温州南部近岸海域 营养盐 富营养化 磷限制 |
| 英文关键词:coastal waters of southern Wenzhou nutrients eutrophication Phosphorus limitation |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究温州南部近岸海域富营养化的时空分布特征及其驱动因子，本文对温州南部近
岸海域26 个站位的2023 年春季（5 月） 和秋季（10 月） 的水质调查结果进行了统计分析。结果表明：空间分布上，研究海域营养盐和富营养化指数（Eutrophication Index，EI） 均呈近岸向外海递减的规律，氮磷原子比（Nitrogen Phosphorus Ratio，N/P） 呈近岸向外海递增的规律；研究海域春季和秋季表层水体均呈磷限制，且秋季磷限制程度更高。陆源输入和养殖活动是富营养化的主要驱动因素，春季农业径流携带大量氮肥导致近岸富营养化加剧，秋季养殖残饵和船舶排放则促进“油类-悬浮物（Suspended Solids，SS） -营养盐”复合污染形成。相关性分析表明：在秋季，可溶性无机氮（Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen，DIN） 和可溶性无机磷（Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus，DIP） 均与油类极显著正相关（p < 0.01），与化学需氧量（Chemical Oxygen Demand，COD）、SS 显著正相关（p < 0.05），凸显了人类活动对富营养化的影响。本文可为缓解温州南部近岸海域富营养化，制定分季节差异化管控策略提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the spatial-temporal distribution and driving factors of eutrophication in the coastal waters of southern Wenzhou, this study conducted a statistical analysis of water quality survey data collected from 26 stations in spring (May) and autumn (October) of 2023. The results indicated that, spatially, both nutrient concentrations and the Eutrophication Index (EI) decreased from nearshore to offshore, while the Nitrogen Phosphorus Ratio (N/P) showed an increasing trend from nearshore to offshore. The surface waters were phosphorus limited in both seasons, with a higher degree of limitation in autumn. Terrestrial input and aquaculture activities were identified as the primary drivers of eutrophication: eutrophication was exacerbated by substantial nitrogen inputs from agricultural runoff in spring, while aquaculture waste and water pollutants from ships promoted the formation of an “Oil-Suspended Solids (SS)-Nutrients” composite pollution pattern in autumn. Correlation analysis revealed that both Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen (DIN) and Dissolved Inorganic Phospho rus (DIP) showed highly significant positive correlations with oil pollutants (p < 0.01) and significant positive correlations with Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and SS (p < 0.05) in autumn, highlighting the influence of human activities on eutrophication. These findings provide a scientific basis for developing seasonally differentiated management strategies to mitigate eutrophication in the coastal waters of southern Wenzhou. |
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