| Based on the synchronous hourly observational data from four stations within the Meizhou Bay region spanning from September
2023 to September 2024, the tidal harmonic analysis approach founded on the least-squares principle and the cumulative frequency
method were employed to conduct an analysis of the fundamental characteristics, variation patterns, and navigable water-level features of
the tides in Meizhou Bay. The findings indicate that the tidal regime in the coastal region of Meizhou Bay is characterized by a regular
semi-diurnal pattern. Among the monitoring stations, the M2
tidal constituent amplitude is the most pronounced, with an mean amplitude of
234.0 cm. Notably, the amplitude at Huanggan Island Station is the least, measuring 227.9 cm, whereas the amplitude at Xiuyu Station is
the largest, reaching 241.5 cm. The amplitude of M2
tidal constituent amplitude increases from the bay entrance towards the interior of
Meizhou Bay. Furthermore, the amplitude and phase lag of the S2
tidal constituent are considerably less than those of the M2
tidal
constituent, and they similarly escalate from the bay entrance to the interior of Meizhou Bay. The maximum average tidal range and the
maximum potential tidal range are both observed at Xiuyu Station, measuring 502 cm and 903 cm respectively. The minimum average tidal
range and the maximum potential tidal range are recorded at Huanggan Island Station, with values of 474 cm and 857 cm respectively. The
diurnal inequality of tidal height in the Meizhou Bay is not pronounced. The duration of the ebb tide is marginally longer than that of the
flood tide, and the disparity between the two does not exceed 30 minutes. The water levels corresponding to a 90% cumulative frequency
for 1-hour tidal rise at Xiuyu Station, Guotou Station, Dongwu Station, and Huanggan Island Station are 578 cm, 573 cm, 569 cm, and 536
cm respectively. The water levels corresponding to different frequencies of tidal rise exhibit an increasing trend from the bay entrance
towards the inner region of the Meizhou Bay. The designed high water levels at Xiuyu Station, Guotou Station, Dongwu Station, and
Huanggan Island Station are 729 cm, 722 cm, 711 cm, and 678 cm respectively. The designed high water-level in the Meizhou Bay
decreases from the inner part to the bay mouth, and the decreasing trend gradually increases, possibly due to the convergence of tidal
energy caused by the narrowing of the bay爷s topography. The designed low-water levels at Xiuyu Station, Guotou Station, Dongwu Station,
and Huanggan Island Station are 77 cm, 83 cm, 89 cm, and 61 cm respectively. In the Meizhou Bay, the designed low-water level increases
from the inner part to the middle part of the bay and decreases from the middle part to the bay entrance. |
