基于JSF文件格式解析与AHE增强的浅地层剖面海缆探测技术

海底缆线埋深检测是保障海洋工程安全的关键任务，浅地层剖面仪（Sub-BottomProfiler， SBP）声学影像是识别海缆双曲线特征的主要依据。JSF文件格式是浅地层剖面仪数据的主要存储格式之一，具有多源异构数据融合、结构化分层编码和高动态范围信号存储等特点。浅地层剖面影像则是浅地层剖面仪回波数据直观的显示形式。准确、高效地解析JSF格式的浅地层剖面数据，并正确生成浅地层剖面影像以显示回波数据，对后续测量内业处理过程中分析浅表层结构及探明海缆埋深具有重要意义。本文通过分析浅地层剖面仪的工作原理，以及基于声波回波强度的浅地层剖面影像的结构与特点，深入研究JSF格式的浅地层剖面原始文件结构及其编码原理，以舟山市登步岛至西轩渔业科技岛供水海底管线实测数据为例，解析原始数据，提取原始数据中各要素信息，采用回波强度与灰度值的线性映射及自适应直方图均衡化（Adaptive Histogram Equalization，AHE）算法，将原始声学信号转化为高对比度的可视化影像，有效增强了海底管线的双曲线特征与地层界面的辨识度。该方法显著提升了海底管线双曲线特征与地层界面的辨识度，为海缆路由精确探测与埋深分析提供可靠技术支撑。

英文摘要:

The JSF file format is one of the primary storage formats for Sub-Bottom Profiler (SBP) data, featuring multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, structured hierarchical encoding, and high dynamic range signal storage. SBP imagery serves as the intuitive visualization form of echo data from SBPs. Accurately and efficiently parsing JSF-format SBP data and correctly generating SBP imagery to display echo data are of critical importance for subsequent analysis of shallow subsurface structures and determination of submarine cable burial depths in post-survey data processing. This paper conducts an in-depth study of the raw file structure and hexadecimal encoding principles of JSF format SBP data by analyzing the working principles of SBPs and the structural characteristics of acoustic echo intensity in SBP imagery. Taking the actual measurement data of the submarine water supply pipeline from Dengbu Island to Xixuan Island Fishery Science and Technology Island in Zhoushan City as a case study, the paper parses the raw data to extract elements from each Ping. Through linear mapping between echo intensity and grayscale values and the application of the Adaptive Histogram Equalization (AHE) algorithm, the raw acoustic signals are converted into high-contrast visual imagery, effectively enhancing the visibility of hyperbolic features of submarine pipelines and stratigraphic interfaces.

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