| 唐山滦南湿地溢油数值模拟研究与分析 |
| The Oil Spill Simulation and Analysis Around Luannan Wetland in Tangshan City |
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| DOI：doi：10.3969/j.issn.1003-2029.2025.04.008 |
| 中文关键词: 水动力模型 溢油 数值模拟 油膜面积 影响评价 |
| 英文关键词:hydrodynamic model oil spill numerical modeling oil film area impact assessment |
| 基金项目:河北省海洋生态修复技术研究与成果集成项目（13000025P00329410356X） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 唐山滦南湿地位于渤海湾北岸关键地带，一旦发生溢油事故，邻近重点水域都将面临生态
环境的恶化风险。本文依据溢油风险判别及不利工况考量，采用验证良好的MIKE21 水动力模型，
耦合溢油模块，模拟了不同初始时刻、溢油方式及风况条件下溢油总量恒定为46 t 的多种事故情
况，重点关注油膜时空分布规律及面积变化特征。研究发现：无风条件下，持续性溢油产生的最大
油膜面积是一次性溢油的4~7 倍；冬季西北向风况影响下，油膜受沿岸地形影响剧烈破碎，尤其在
西北向不利风况条件下，相较于主导风况，其风速增幅达到71%，对应的最大油膜面积扩大161%；
在夏季东南向风况影响下，近岸地形影响相对较小，油膜主要随沿岸流做往复运动。通过划定邻近
重点水域边界，对比分析油膜到达各敏感区域的最短时间，本文就健全监控系统、控制溢油方式、
加强陆海统筹、优化资源调度等方面提出了具体对策。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Luannan Wetland is located in the core area of the north coast of Bohai Bay. Once oil spill occurs, the risk of ecological environment deterioration raises in the adjacent key waters. According to the identification of oil spill risk, a series of adverse conditions are simulated by the well-verified MIKE21 hydrodynamic model coupled with the oil spill module. Different initial conditions, oil spill modes, and
wind conditions are considered for a typical oil spill event with the total amount of oil spill by 46 t in Luannan Wetland. Both the spatialtemporal
distribution of oil film and the characteristics of area changes are investigated. The results indicate that the maximum oil film area
under the continuous oil spill under no-wind condition is 4-7 times larger than that under the one-off oil spill condition. Under the influence of NW wind conditions in winter, the oil film is fragmented significantly under the influence of coastal topography, and the maximum
oil film area increases by 161% when the wind speed increases by 71% under the adverse wind conditions compared with that under the
dominant wind conditions. Under the influence of SE wind in summer, the influence of coastal topography is relatively limited, and the oil
film mainly reciprocates with the coastal currents. By demarcating the boundary of the adjacent key waters, the shortest time for the oil film
to reach each sensitive area are calculated for comparative analysis. The present paper puts forward a series of emergency rescue countermeasures for improving the monitoring system, controlling the way of oil spill, improving the overall planning of land and sea, optimizing
resource scheduling. |
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