无缆式湍流混合剖面仪抛载机构设计与试验

抛载机构是深海探测设备的关键组件，其性能直接影响设备的回收成功率和测量精度。本文针对深海环境对抛载机构的高要求，设计了一种适用于无缆式湍流混合剖面仪的新型抛载机构。该机构采用电磁驱动释放装置，并结合油压补偿和弹性膜密封设计，以适应深海高压环境。同时，优化了抛载控制逻辑，实现多机制触发，包括近底触发、定时触发和安全保障触发。实验室功耗测试表明，该抛载机构在休眠状态下功耗仅为 76 uA，满足长期观测需求。水池实验和深海高压测试结果显示，该机构在 120 MPa 压力下仍能稳定释放。海上试验进一步验证了其可靠性，在 150 m 和 200 m 深度条件下均实现精准抛载。研究表明：该抛载机构能够适应复杂海洋环境，并有效提高深海探测设备的稳定性和回收成功率，可为湍流剖面仪及其他深海自主探测设备提供重要的技术支撑。

英文摘要:

The payload release mechanism is a critical component of deep-sea exploration equipment, directly affecting the recovery success rate and measurement accuracy. This study addresses the stringent requirements of deep-sea environments and designs a novel pay- load release mechanism suitable for a cableless turbulence mixing profiler. The mechanism adopts an electromagnetically driven release device and integrates oil pressure compensation and an elastic membrane sealing design to adapt to high-pressure deep-sea conditions. Additionally, the release control logic is optimized to enable multi-mechanism triggering, including near-bottom triggering, timed triggering, and safety assurance triggering. Laboratory power consumption tests show that the mechanism operates at only 76 uA in sleep mode, meet- ing the requirements for long-term observation. Pool experiments and deep-sea high-pressure tests demonstrate that the mechanism remains stable and functions reliably under 120 MPa pressure. Further sea trials verify its reliability, achieving precise release at depths of 150 m and 200 m. The findings indicate that this payload release mechanism can adapt to complex marine environments, effectively enhancing the stability and recovery success rate of deep -sea exploration equipment. It provides critical technical support for turbulence profilers and other autonomous deep-sea observation platforms.

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