庙岛群岛南五岛岸线变迁及岛体形态变化分析

针对当前庙岛群岛南五岛长时序海岸线和岛体形态变化过程不清楚的问题，本文基于1980—2020 年的陆地卫星（Landsat）影像，分析了40 年来庙岛群岛南五岛岸线长度与结构的时空变化特征及岛体形态变化，并探讨了主要驱动因素。结果表明：近40 年来，研究区岸线总长度增长了13.58 km，增长幅度为21.68%，年均增长0.34 km；研究区自然岸线占比不断下降，且逐渐向港口码头和建设围堤类型转变；研究区岸线曲折度增加，各海岛形态呈现不同程度变化，且南长山岛形态变化最大，其他4 个海岛表现相对稳定；研究区岸线和岛体形态变化受到人类活动、政策因素和自然因素的共同影响，以向海扩张为主导，主要为港口码头、围海养殖等海岸工程建设。研究结果可为深入认识庙岛群岛空间资源的变化及开展生态修复提供基础数据和科学依据。

英文摘要:

Based on Landsat remote sensing images from 1980 to 2020, aiming at the unclear issues of the long-term coastline and island morphology changes in the five southern islands of Miaodao Archipelago in long-term series, this paper analyzed the spatial-temporal characteristics of the type and structure of coastline and changes of island morphology over the past 40 years, and explored the main driving factors. The results showed that the total length of coastline in the study area has increased by 13.58 km or 21.68% over the past 40 years, with an average annual growth rate of 0.34 km/a. The proportion of natural coastline in the study area has been declining, and the natural coastline has gradually changed to wharf and embankment. The degree of the coastline tortuosity in the study area has increased, and the morphology of each island has differently changed, in which the Nanchangshan Island has undergone the greatest morphological changes, while the other areas are relatively stable. The changes of coastline morphology in the study area have been influenced both by the human activities, policy factors and the natural factors, dominated by seaward expansion and mainly for the coastal constructions such as wharfs and reclamation projects. The results of the research will provide basic data and scientific basis for understanding the spatial resource changes and carrying out ecological restoration in the Miaodao Archipelago.

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