| 基于浮标站和ERA5 再分析资料的浙江沿海台风浪特征分析 |
| Analysis of Typhoon Wave Characteristics on the Sea Surface of Zhejiang Coastal Area Based on Buoy Stations and ERA5 Reanalysis Data |
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| 中文关键词: 台风浪 海浪波型 海洋浮标 ERA5 再分析资料 |
| 英文关键词:typhoon-generated wave wave mode marine buoy ERA5 reanalysis data |
| 基金项目:浙江省基础公益研究计划项目（LGF22D050005）；宁波市自然科学基金资助项目（202003N4195）；宁波市重点研发计划暨“揭榜挂帅”项目（2023Z139） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了分析台风影响下浙江沿海风和浪的演变特点，利用浙江省海洋浮标站监测数据和欧洲中期天气预报中心第五代全球气候大气再分析数据（European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis v5，ERA5），选取2010年以来严重影响浙江的7次台风个例，对台风作用下浙江沿海海面风和浪的演变特点进行分析。结果表明：在台风影响过程中，海浪波型多数呈现混合浪-风浪-混合浪的演变规律；涌浪波型的出现与台风强度及其与浮标站的距离和方位有关，也与海洋潮汐现象紧密相关。台风影响期间，浙江沿海浪高的变化受风速和风向共同作用影响。在风向不变的情况下，持续风速增大对浪高的增大有明显作用；风向的变化也会对浪高变化产生影响，向岸风和离岸风的转变会造成浪高出现剧烈变化。ERA5 再分析资料有效波高在台风浪较大时会呈现偏小的趋势，分析订正后的ERA5 有效波高发现，台风浪有效波高大值区与台风中心位置相关。研究结果可为严重影响浙江沿海的台风浪预报服务提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to analyze the evolution characteristics of wind and waves along the Zhejiang coast under the influence of typhoons, using marine buoy stations data in Zhejiang Province and ERA5 reanalysis data, seven typhoon cases that have severely affected Zhejiang since 2010 were selected to analyze the evolution characteristics of sea surface winds and waves along the Zhejiang coast under the influence of typhoons. The results showed that, as typhoons approach, make landfall and move away, the wave pattern of the ocean waves mostly undergoes changes in mixed wave, wind wave and mixed wave. The appearance of surge wave patterns is closely related to the strength of typhoons and their distance and orientation from buoy stations, as well as to ocean tidal phenomena. The changes in wave height along the Zhejiang coast during the impact of typhoons are determined by the combined effects of wind speed and direction. When the wind direction stabilizes, continuous increase in wind speed has a significant effect on the increase of wave height. The change in wind direction can also have an impact on the change in wave height, and the shift in onshore and offshore winds can cause significant changes in wave height. The effective wave height of ERA5 reanalysis data tends to be smaller when typhoon waves are large. After analyzing the corrected ERA5 significant wave height, it was found that the high significant waves of typhoon wave are related to the position of the typhoon center. The research results provide reference for typhoon wave forecasting services that seriously affect the coastal areas of Zhejiang. |
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