新型浮力摆式波浪能发电装置波-电动力学建模和时域特性分析

主动共振浮力摆式波浪能发电装置通过调节内部配重位置实现共振发电。本文以基于机械式动力输出系统（Power Take-off， PTO）的主动共振浮力摆式波浪能发电装置为研究对象，构建波-电时域动力学模型并验证模型可行性，该模型的非线性特征主要体现在正弦函数形式的静水回复力矩及止动力矩中。进一步，研究自振周期同不规则波能量周期一致的共振状态下，不同负载形式及取值大小对装置时域响应曲线、时均功率和效率的影响。研究结果表明：不同负载设置对俘获宽度比的影响大于PTO 传动效率。阻性负载值过大或过小均会削弱俘获宽度比，使有功时均值和发电效率下降，共振状态下，负载的感性或容性成分会使发电机产生大量无功，且无功有正有负，感性或容性成分能有效削弱俘获宽度比、有功时均值和发电效率。

英文摘要:

Resonant inverse-pendulum wave energy converter （RIPWEC） realizes resonant power generation by adjusting the position of an internal mass. This paper takes the RIPWEC combined with a mechanical PTO as a research object. A wave -to -wire time -domain dynamic model was constructed and verified. Nonlinear characteristics of the model are mainly reflected in the sine-function hydrostatic restoring moment and the endstop moment. Furthermore, the effects of different types and values of electric loads on the time -domain response curves, time-averaged power and efficiency of the RIPWEC were studied in the resonant state, where the RIPWEC natural period is consistent with the energy period of the irregular wave. Results showed that the influence of different load settings on the capture width ratio is greater than that on the PTO efficiency. Capture width ratio will be weakened under the circumstance of excessively large or small resistive load values, which further results in the reduction of the time-averaged active power and generation efficiency. In the resonant state, the inductive or capacitive components of loads will make the generator produce much reactive power, whose value changes between positive numbers and negative numbers. Inductive or capacitive components can also effectively decrease the capture width ratio, timeaveraged active power and generation efficiency.

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