| Taking surface drifting buoy, drifting wave buoy and drifting air sea interface buoy as representatives, this paper introduces the observation demand, characteristics, latest progress and development trend of unpowered sea surface drifting observation platform. In addition to the characteristics of light weight, small volume and good wave-following, the unmotivated sea surface mobile observation platform has the greatest advantages of low cost, high precision and strong real-time compared with the other observation platforms. Along with the automation, miniaturization and low-power consumption of marine and meteorological environment sensors, especially under the
support of renewable energy supply and satellite data communication technology, the scalability of the observation capabilities of this type of platform is very strong. Aside from direct observation of acoustic, optical, and electromagnetic elements of the marine environment, it can also be an exclusive or a comprehensive observation platform for marine disciplines such as marine chemistry, marine biology, and marine geology, and can have the ability to detect and recognize marine targets. With the improvement of unmotivated sea surface drifting platform observation and detection capabilities, the reduction of operating costs and the development of rapid deployment technologies, such platforms will have very broad application prospects in the field of ocean observation and detection, especially in the rapid response of deep ocean area observation detection. |
